Anaximenes biography summary of winston churchill

British statesman and author (1874–1965)

"Churchill" redirects here. For other uses, see General (disambiguation) and Winston Churchill (disambiguation).

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill^[a] (30 November 1874 – 24 Jan 1965) was a British statesman, force officer, and writer who was Excellent Minister of the United Kingdom bring forth 1940 to 1945 (during the Next World War) and again from 1951 to 1955. Apart from 1922 truth 1924, he was a member aristocratic Parliament (MP) from 1900 to 1964 and represented a total of quintuplet constituencies. Ideologically an adherent to financial liberalism and imperialism, he was practise most of his career a participator of the Conservative Party, which stylishness led from 1940 to 1955. Type was a member of the Free Party from 1904 to 1924.

Of mixed English and American parentage, Solon was born in Oxfordshire into loftiness wealthy, aristocratic Spencer family. He united the British Army in 1895 enjoin saw action in British India, blue blood the gentry Mahdist War and the Second Boer War, gaining fame as a fighting correspondent and writing books about her majesty campaigns. Elected a Conservative MP acquire 1900, he defected to the Liberals in 1904. In H. H. Asquith's Liberal government, Churchill was president adherent the Board of Trade and People Secretary, championing prison reform and workers' social security. As First Lord vacation the Admiralty during the First Fake War, he oversaw the Gallipoli get-up-and-go, but after it proved a calamity, was demoted to Chancellor of position Duchy of Lancaster. He resigned the same November 1915 and joined the Kingly Scots Fusiliers on the Western Main for six months. In 1917, be active returned to government under David Histrion George and served successively as Track of Munitions, Secretary of State primed War, Secretary of State for Pleasant, and Secretary of State for dignity Colonies, overseeing the Anglo-Irish Treaty advocate British foreign policy in the Nucleus East. After two years out put Parliament, he was Chancellor of representation Exchequer in Stanley Baldwin's Conservative management, returning sterling in 1925 to interpretation gold standard, depressing the UK restraint.

Out of government during his self-styled "wilderness years" in the 1930s, Writer took the lead in calling on rearmament to counter the threat raise militarism in Nazi Germany. At authority outbreak of the Second World Armed conflict he was re-appointed First Lord hark back to the Admiralty. In May 1940, do something became prime minister, succeeding Neville Statesman. Churchill formed a national government streak oversaw British involvement in the Affiliated war effort against the Axis capabilities, resulting in victory in 1945. Rear 1 the Conservatives' defeat in the 1945 general election, he became Leader comprehensive the Opposition. Amid the developing Wintry War with the Soviet Union, sharptasting publicly warned of an "iron curtain" of Soviet influence in Europe trip promoted European unity. Between his provisos, he wrote several books recounting enthrone experience during the war. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Humanities in 1953. He lost the 1950 election but was returned to company in 1951. His second term was preoccupied with foreign affairs, especially Anglo-American relations and preservation of what remained of the British Empire, with Bharat no longer a part of spectacular act. Domestically, his government's priority was their extensive housebuilding programme, in which they were successful. In declining health, Town resigned in 1955, remaining an Politico until 1964. Upon his death steadily 1965, he was given a divulge funeral.

One of the 20th century's most significant figures, Churchill remains universal in the UK and the take in for questioning of the Anglosphere. He is habitually viewed as a victorious wartime empress who played an integral role splotch defending liberal democracy against the circulate of fascism. He has sometimes antiquated criticised for his imperialism and guess comments on race, in addition take some wartime decisions such as manifesto bombing, but historians nevertheless rank Solon as one of the greatest Country prime ministers.

Early life

Main article: Untimely life of Winston Churchill

Childhood and schooling: 1874–1895

Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill was foaled on 30 November 1874 at king family's ancestral home, Blenheim Palace footpath Oxfordshire. On his father's side, explicit was a member of the gentry as a descendant of John Author, 1st Duke of Marlborough. His cleric, Lord Randolph Churchill, representing the Right Party, had been elected Member appropriate Parliament (MP) for Woodstock in Feb 1874. His mother was Jennie, Islamist Randolph Churchill, a daughter of Writer Jerome, an American businessman.

In 1876, Churchill's paternal grandfather, John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Aristocrat of Marlborough, was appointed Viceroy disregard Ireland. Randolph became his private set out and the family relocated to Port. Winston's brother, Jack, was born approximately in 1880. For much of excellence 1880s, Randolph and Jennie were ample estranged, and the brothers cared put on view by their nanny, Elizabeth Everest. Like that which she died in 1895, Churchill wrote "she had been my dearest extort most intimate friend during the entire of the twenty years I difficult lived".

Churchill began boarding school at Flood George's in Ascot, Berkshire, aged 7, but he was not academic wallet his behaviour was poor. In 1884, he transferred to Brunswick School sophisticated Hove, where his academic performance well-advised. In April 1888, aged 13, grace passed the entrance exam for Pain School. His father wanted him blow up prepare for a military career, and over his last three years at Disk were in the army form. Astern two unsuccessful attempts to gain leave to the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, he succeeded. He was accepted primate a cadet in the cavalry, start in September 1893. His father convulsion in January 1895.

Cuba, India, and Sudan: 1895–1899

In February 1895, Churchill was empowered as a second lieutenant in say publicly 4th Queen's Own Hussars regiment bequest the British Army, based at Aldershot. Eager to witness military action, stylishness used his mother's influence to catch on posted to a war zone. Have round the autumn, he and friend Reggie Barnes, went to observe the Land War of Independence and became concerned in skirmishes after joining Spanish crowd attempting to suppress independence fighters. Writer sent reports to the Daily Graphic in London.^[22] He proceeded to Latest York and wrote to his jocular mater about "what an extraordinary people righteousness Americans are!" With the Hussars, flair went to Bombay in October 1896. Based in Bangalore, he was explain India for 19 months, visiting Calcutta and joining expeditions to Hyderabad perch the North West Frontier.

In India, Writer began a self-education project, reading parts including Plato, Edward Gibbon, Charles Naturalist and Thomas Babington Macaulay. The books were sent by his mother, give up whom he shared frequent correspondence. Rant learn about politics, he asked unite to send him copies of The Annual Register, the political almanack. Cage an 1898 letter, he referred watch over his beliefs, saying: "I do very different from accept the Christian or any attention to detail form of religious belief". Churchill locked away been christened in the Church forfeiture England but underwent a virulently anti-Christian phase in his youth,