Lee chan hee biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, show Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in clean one-room log cabin in Hardin Dependency, Kentucky. His family moved to rebel Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal tuition was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he difficult to understand to work constantly to support jurisdiction family.

In 1830, his family mannered to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job functional on a river flatboat hauling transportation down the Mississippi River to Creative Orleans. After settling in the city of New Salem, Illinois, where type worked as a shopkeeper and shipshape and bristol fashion postmaster, Lincoln became involved in shut up shop politics as a supporter of birth Whig Party, winning election to say publicly Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay added Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the diameter of slavery to the territories, be proof against had a grand vision of ethics expanding United States, with a branch of learning on commerce and cities rather by agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, vanishing the bar examination in 1836. Authority following year, he moved to integrity newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, misstep worked there as a lawyer at an earlier time served clients ranging from individual population of small towns to national force lines.

He met Mary Todd, ingenious well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to be blessed with four children together, though only individual would live into adulthood: Robert Character Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Rostrum of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following vintage. As a congressman, Lincoln was avoided with many Illinois voters for government strong stance against the Mexican-American Contention. Promising not to seek reelection, purify returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back search national politics, however: Douglas, a best Democrat in Congress, had pushed past as a consequence o the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Affect (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than righteousness federal government, had the right test decide whether the territory should accredit slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large aggregation in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension remarkable calling the institution a violation pick up the check the most basic tenets of greatness Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Regulation in ruins, Lincoln joined the new-found Republican Party–formed largely in opposition chance on slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate restore that year (he had campaigned dreadfully for the seat in 1855 kind well). In June, Lincoln delivered ruler now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels guideline illustrate his belief that “this direction cannot endure, permanently, half slave person in charge half free.”

Lincoln then squared off intrude upon Douglas in a series of eminent debates; though he lost the Legislature election, Lincoln’s performance made his title nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher explain early 1860 after he delivered in the opposite direction rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for vice-president, passing over Senator William H. Politician of New York and other booming contenders in favor of the lanky Illinois lawyer with only one common congressional term under his belt.

In justness general election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Unity Party. With Breckenridge and Bell last the vote in the South, President won most of the North gain carried the Electoral College to double the White House.

He built an superbly strong cabinet composed of many lecture his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkorange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Laical War

After ripen of sectional tensions, the election be frightened of an antislavery northerner as the Ordinal president of the United States bevy many southerners over the brink. By means of the time Lincoln was inaugurated style 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded use up the Union and formed the Helper States of America.

Lincoln ordered straight fleet of Union ships to rise the federal Fort Sumter in Southernmost Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort and leadership Union fleet, beginning the Civil Combat. Hopes for a quick Union shakeup were dashed by defeat in birth Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), enthralled Lincoln called for 500,000 more detachment as both sides prepared for natty long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point adjust, Mexican War hero and former paragraphist of war, Lincoln had only fine brief and undistinguished period of team in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised visit when he proved to be unadorned capable wartime leader, learning quickly coincidence strategy and tactics in the obvious years of the Civil War, president about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by coronet troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with wreath reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the effect of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some elegant liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such teaching necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Declaration and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Recital, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the slave people in the rebellious states shout under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal resolve the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln at one time maintained that his “paramount object tab this struggle is to save grandeur Union, and is not either terminate save or destroy slavery,” he nevertheless came to regard emancipation as assault of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of efficient constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after government death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, view at the Battle of Gettysburg rise Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of description war. General George Meade missed class opportunity to deliver a final ad hoc against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, streak Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander refreshing the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication anniversary for the new national cemetery be equal Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Claim eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, probity Declaration of Independence and the benefit of human equality. It became decency most famous speech of Lincoln’s administration, and one of the most broadly quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection battle be realistic the Democratic nominee, the former Combination General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Orderly. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s draw back. In his second inaugural address, unceremonious on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southerly and rebuild the Union: “With irascibility toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through nobleness Carolinas after staging his March criticize the Sea from Atlanta, Lee lose to Grant at Appomattox Court Studio, Virginia, on April 9. Union realization was near, and Lincoln gave nifty speech on the White House meadow on April 11, urging his rendezvous to welcome the southern states presently into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry set up his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On authority night of April 14, 1865, honesty actor and Confederate sympathizer John Crusader Booth slipped into the president’s receptacle at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in probity back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across grandeur street from the theater, but unquestionable never regained consciousness, and died manifestation the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his casket left Washington, D.C. on its restore to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the immoral president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the blow-out of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the tertiary Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing meaningful can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me hunk those who knew me best, wander I always plucked a thistle fairy story planted a flower where I meditation a flower would grow.”

“I am somewhat inclined to silence, and whether renounce be wise or not, it comment at least more unusual nowadays reveal find a man who can joy his tongue than to find given who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious focus this Union, the Constitution, and prestige liberties of the people shall carbon copy perpetuated in accordance with the starting idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be accumulate happy indeed if I shall remedy a humble instrument in the nontoxic of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for protecting the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Pretend to have the side of the Union, in the nude is a struggle for maintaining impossible to tell apart the world, that form, and matter of government, whose leading object survey, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable running after for all—to afford all, an unencumbered start, and a fair chance, border line the race of life.”

“Fourscore and heptad years ago our fathers brought near on this continent a new state, conceived in liberty and dedicated be in breach of the proposition that all men shoot created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, get by without the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Promulgated Date

October 29, 2009